**Background**
Oxidative stress occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the antioxidant capacity of a biological system, leading to significant cellular damage. Among the various targets of ROS, DNA is particularly vulnerable, with guanine being the most susceptible base to oxidation. The resulting DNA damage can lead to genomic instability, mutagenesis, and the development of various pathologies, including endocrine diseases, nervous system disorders, and immune system dysfunction. Specifically, the formation of modified bases serves as a critical indicator of the extent of oxidative stress within a cell. In this context, we will introduce a key DNA damage product – 8-Hydroxyguanine.
**Definition**
8-Hydroxyguanine is an endogenous metabolite and a marker of DNA oxidative damage with the 8-Hydroxyguanine Formula of C5H5N5O2 and a molecular weight of 167.13.
**In Vitro Studies**
According to the 8-Hydroxyguanine description, this compound is formed when hydroxyl radicals attack guanine in DNA. 8-Hydroxyguanine in vitro is recognized as the most common product of ROS-induced base damage. If not promptly removed, its presence often causes mutations during DNA replication, specifically inducing mutagenesis that leads to a transversion from G to T. To prevent cellular dysfunction caused by oxidative stress, 8-Hydroxyguanine is cleared from cells via the 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1)-mediated oxidative damage base excision repair pathway. Researchers seeking 8-Hydroxyguanine technical information can utilize this metabolite to study the efficiency of DNA repair mechanisms and the impact of oxidative stress on immune cell function. In conclusion, 8-Hydroxyguanine is a critical biomarker used to evaluate DNA oxidative damage and the subsequent cellular response to oxidative stress.
Keywords
8-Hydroxyguanine, 5614-64-2, 8-Oxoguanine, 8-oxo-Gua, Endogenous Metabolite, Inhibitor, inhibitor, inhibit
References
[1] Spencer JP, et al., DNA strand breakage and base modification induced by hydrogen peroxide treatment of human respiratory tract epithelial cells. FEBS Lett. 1995 Oct 30;374(2):233-6.
[2] Zhang W, et al. Effect of 8-Hydroxyguanine DNA Glycosylase 1 on the Function of Immune Cells. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Jun 19;12(6):1300.